? ??? 在數控(kong)切割機加工中，電(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)工件位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)的(de)(de)正確性(xing)是(shi)十(shi)分重要的(de)(de)，因為(wei)電(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)的(de)(de)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)就是(shi)加工程序(xu)的(de)(de)起始位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)，所以(yi)全(quan)部切割圖形(xing)模具(ju)件的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)正確性(xing)完全(quan)取決于電(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)的(de)(de)嚴格(ge)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)。正式加工之(zhi)前，必須對電(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)進行嚴格(ge)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)。電(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)的(de)(de)常(chang)用調(diao)劑方法有以(yi)下2種：

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　　1、目測法對加工請求較低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工件，在(zai)判斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)(si)與(yu)(yu)工件上(shang)有關基準間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)時(shi)，可(ke)能直接利用(yong)目測或借助2^-8倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)大(da)鏡來進行察(cha)看。利用(yong)穿絲(si)(si)(si)孔處劃(hua)(hua)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十字(zi)墓準線(xian)，分(fen)辨(bian)沿劃(hua)(hua)線(xian)方向察(cha)看電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)(si)與(yu)(yu)基準線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)，依據兩(liang)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偏離情(qing)況(kuang)挪動工作(zuo)臺，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)(si)中心分(fen)辨(bian)與(yu)(yu)縱橫方向基準線(xian)重(zhong)合時(shi)，工作(zuo)臺縱、橫方向上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)讀數(shu)就(jiu)判斷了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)(si)中心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)。挪動工作(zuo)臺使工件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基準面逐步湊近電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)(si)，當剛(gang)開端(duan)呈(cheng)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)火(huo)花時(shi)，記下(xia)工作(zuo)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相應坐(zuo)標值，而后依據放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)縫隙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小就(jiu)可(ke)能推算(suan)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)(si)中心確當前坐(zuo)標值，此(ci)法通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)(si)與(yu)(yu)工件間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)火(huo)花產生來推算(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坐(zuo)標位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)，會因(yin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絲(si)(si)(si)湊近垂準面時(shi)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)縫隙，與(yu)(yu)畸(ji)形加工切(qie)割前提(ti)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)陳(chen)不完全雷同而產生定位(wei)(wei)誤差。

　　2、主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)找(zhao)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)找(zhao)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)法，就(jiu)是(shi)讓(rang)電(dian)絲(si)在工(gong)件內孔的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)位主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)進(jin)行定(ding)位。此(ci)法就(jiu)是(shi)依據線(xian)電(dian)與(yu)工(gong)件間產生的(de)短路(lu)信(xin)號來判(pan)斷電(dian)絲(si)確當前位置，并由此(ci)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)求出孔的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)腸(chang)(chang)位。習(xi)慣上也稱為短路(lu)法。首先(xian)關掉(diao)機床的(de)脈(mo)沖(chong)電(dian)源方向上慢速(su)挪(nuo)動(dong)(dong)并與(yu)孔壁接觸，而后(hou)(hou)利用(yong)數控體系的(de)半程挪(nuo)動(dong)(dong)指(zhi)令G82，讓(rang)線(xian)電(dian)在X軸(zhou)，體系發出了短路(lu)信(xin)號后(hou)(hou)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)返(fan)回(hui)到孔中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)腸(chang)(chang)位，接著在另(ling)一軸(zhou)的(de)方向進(jin)行上述進(jin)程，這(zhe)樣一個(ge)雙向挪(nuo)動(dong)(dong)進(jin)程后(hou)(hou)，可能(neng)使電(dian)絲(si)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)定(ding)位到兩次(ci)挪(nuo)動(dong)(dong)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)腸(chang)(chang)位。

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